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Ukuhlolwa Kokuthembeka Kwemvelo—Ukuwohloka Kwezinga lokushisa Kwegumbi Lokuhlola I-Thermal Shock Test Eliphezulu neliphansi

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokuhlola ukwethembeka kwemvelo, okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukuhlolwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi, ukuhlola okumanzi nokushisa kushintshana, izinga lokushisa nomswakama ohlangene wokuhlola umjikelezo, ukuhlolwa okungaguquki kwezinga lokushisa nomswakama, ukuhlolwa kokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa okusheshayo, nokuhlolwa kokushaqeka okushisayo. Okulandelayo, sizokwehlukanisela imisebenzi yokuhlola ngayinye.

1 “Ukuhlolwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu: Isivivinyo sokwethembeka esilingisa ukumelana nezinga lokushisa okuphezulu komkhiqizo ngesikhathi sokugcinwa, ukuhlanganisa nokusetshenziswa. Ukuhlolwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu nakho kuwukuhlola impilo esheshisiwe yesikhathi eside. Injongo yokuhlolwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu iwukuthola ukuguquguquka nokuqina kwesitoreji, ukusetshenziswa, nokuqina kwempahla yezempi neyomphakathi kanye nezingxenye ezigcinwe futhi zisetshenzwe ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa ezivamile. Qinisekisa ukusebenza kwento ekushiseni okuphezulu. Ububanzi bethagethi eyinhloko buhlanganisa imikhiqizo kagesi neye-elekthronikhi, kanye nemishini yayo yoqobo, nezinye izinto. Ukuqina kokuhlolwa kuncike ekushiseni kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu neliphansi kanye nesikhathi sokuhlola esiqhubekayo. Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu neliphansi lingabangela ukuthi umkhiqizo ushise ngokweqile, kuthinte ukuphepha nokuthembeka kokusetshenziswa, noma ngisho nomonakalo;

2″ Ukuhlolwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi: Inhloso ukuhlola ukuthi ucezu lokuhlola lungagcinwa yini futhi lusetshenziswe endaweni yesikhathi eside enezinga lokushisa eliphansi, nokunquma ukuguquguquka nokuqina kwemishini yezempi neyomphakathi ekugcinweni nasekusebenzeni ngaphansi- izimo zokushisa. Izakhiwo zomzimba kanye namakhemikhali wezinto emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Izinga linokucaciswa kokucubungula kwangaphambi kokuhlolwa, ukuhlolwa kokuqala kokuhlolwa, ukufakwa kwesampula, ukuhlolwa kwamaphakathi, ukucubungula kwangemuva kokuhlolwa, isivinini sokushisisa, izimo zokulayishwa kwekhabethe lokushisa, kanye nesilinganiso sevolumu yento yokuhlola kwikhabhinethi yokushisa, njll., kanye ukwehluleka kocezu lokuhlola ngaphansi kwezimo eziphansi lokushisa Imodi: Izingxenye nezinto ezisetshenziswa kumkhiqizo zingase ziqhekeke, ziboshwe, zibambeke engxenyeni enyakazayo, futhi zishintshwe izici emazingeni okushisa aphansi;

3, Ukuhlolwa kokushintshana kokushisa okumanzi: kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kokushisa okumanzi njalo nokuhlola ukushisa okumanzi. Ukuhlola izinga lokushisa eliphezulu neliphansi elishintshanisa ukushisa okumanzi kuyinto edingekayo yokuhlola emikhakheni yezindiza, izimoto, izinto zikagesi zasendlini, ucwaningo lwesayensi, njll. Isetshenziselwa ukuhlola nokunquma indawo yezinga lokushisa lokushisa eliphezulu, izinga lokushisa eliphansi, umswakama oshintshanayo, kanye ukushisa noma ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo kukagesi, i-elekthronikhi, neminye imikhiqizo nezinto zokwakha. Amapharamitha ashintshiwe kanye nokusebenza. Isibonelo umehluko wezinga lokushisa phakathi kwemini nobusuku, umswakama ohlukile emazingeni okushisa ahlukene kanye nezikhathi ezihlukene, kanye nemikhiqizo edlula ezindaweni ezinamazinga okushisa ahlukene kanye nomswakama ngesikhathi sokuthutha. Lokhu kushintshana kwezinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama kuzothinta ukusebenza nokuphila komkhiqizo, futhi kusheshise ukuguga komkhiqizo. Uma kule ndawo isikhathi eside, umkhiqizo udinga ukumelana okwanele ekushintsheni ukushisa nomswakama;

4 “Ukuhlolwa komjikelezo wezinga lokushisa nokuswakama okuhlanganisiwe: Veza isampula kuzinga lokushisa elimisiwe nenye indawo yokuhlola umswakama ukuze uhlole izici zokusebenza zesampula ngemva kokuhamba ngebhayisikili noma ukugcinwa endaweni yezinga lokushisa neyomswakama. Indawo yokugcina kanye nokusebenza komkhiqizo inezinga elithile lokushisa kanye nomswakama, futhi ishintsha njalo. Isibonelo umehluko wezinga lokushisa phakathi kwemini nobusuku, umswakama ohlukile emazingeni okushisa ahlukene kanye nezikhathi ezihlukene, kanye nemikhiqizo edlula ezindaweni ezinamazinga okushisa ahlukene kanye nomswakama ngesikhathi sokuthutha. Lokhu kushintshana kwezinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama kuzothinta ukusebenza nokuphila komkhiqizo, futhi kusheshise ukuguga komkhiqizo. Izinga lokushisa nomswakama ulingisa izinga lokushisa nomswakama endaweni yokugcina umkhiqizo kanye nomsebenzi, futhi uhlola ukuthi ingabe umthelela womkhiqizo ngemva kwesikhathi esithile kule ndawo ungaphakathi kwebanga elamukelekayo. Ikakhulukazi okokusebenza kwensimbi namamitha, ubunjiniyela bukagesi, imikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi, izinto zikagesi zasendlini, izinsiza zezimoto nezithuthuthu, okokumboza amakhemikhali, imikhiqizo yasemkhathini, nezinye izingxenye zomkhiqizo ezihlobene;

5″ Ukuhlolwa okungapheli kwezinga lokushisa nomswakama: okokusebenza okusetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukusebenza kwezinto ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene futhi kuvivinye izinto ezihlukahlukene zokumelana nokushisa, ukumelana nokubanda, ukumelana nokomile, nokumelana nomswakama. Ilungele ukuhlola ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo efana nogesi, izinto zikagesi, omakhalekhukhwini, ezokuxhumana, amamitha, izimoto, imikhiqizo yepulasitiki, izinsimbi, ukudla, amakhemikhali, izinto zokwakha, ukwelashwa, i-aerospace, njll. Ingalingisa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, izinga lokushisa eliphansi, nendawo eswakeme ukuhlola izinga lokushisa lomkhiqizo wokuhlola endaweni ethile Nokuhlolwa komswakama. Ukuhlola okungapheli kwezinga lokushisa nomswakama kungaqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo ohloliwe ungaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elifanayo kanye nemvelo yomswakama;

6 “Isivivinyo sokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa okusheshayo: sisetshenziswa kabanzi ku-elekthronikhi nekagesi, imoto, imithi, i-instrumentation, i-petrochemical neminye imikhakha, imishini ephelele, izingxenye, ukupakisha, izinto zokwakha, ukuhlola isitoreji noma ukuguquguquka komsebenzi kwemikhiqizo ngaphansi kokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa. Inhloso yokuhlolwa kweziqu ukuhlola ukuthi umkhiqizo uyahlangabezana yini nezidingo zamazinga afanele; ukuhlolwa kokuthuthukiswa kusetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuhlola ukuqina nokuthembeka komkhiqizo ngaphansi kwezimo zokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, futhi ukuhlolwa kokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa okusheshayo kusetshenziselwa ukunquma ushintsho olusheshayo lomkhiqizo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu naphansi Ukuvumelana nezimo zokugcina, ezokuthutha, kanye sebenzisa endaweni ehlukile yesimo sezulu. Inqubo yokuhlola ngokuvamile ithatha izinga lokushisa legumbi → izinga lokushisa eliphansi → izinga lokushisa eliphansi lihlala → izinga lokushisa eliphezulu → izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lihlala → izinga lokushisa elivamile njengomjikelezo wokuhlola. Qinisekisa izici zokusebenza zesampula ngemva kokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa noma imvelo eqhubekayo yokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, noma umsebenzi wokusebenza kule ndawo. Ukuhlolwa kokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa okusheshayo ngokuvamile kuchazwa njengezinga lokushisa ≥ 3℃/min, futhi uguquko lwenziwa phakathi kwezinga lokushisa elithile eliphezulu nezinga lokushisa eliphansi. Ukushesha kwesilinganiso sokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, kuba nkulu ububanzi bezinga lokushisa eliphezulu/eliphansi, futhi uma isikhathi eside, ukuhlola kuqina kakhulu. Ukushaqeka kwezinga lokushisa ngokuvamile kuthinta izingxenye eziseduze nendawo yangaphandle yemishini kakhudlwana. Uma uqhelelene nendawo engaphandle, izinga lokushisa lihamba kancane futhi umphumela ungabonakali kahle. Amabhokisi okuthutha, okokufaka, njll. nakho kuzonciphisa umthelela wokushaqeka kwezinga lokushisa ezintweni ezivalekile. Ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa okungazelelwe kungase kuthinte isikhashana noma isikhathi eside ukusebenza kwemishini;

7“Ukuhlolwa kokushaqeka okubandayo nokushisayo: ikakhulukazi emikhiqizweni kagesi, izingxenye zemishini, nezingxenye zezimoto. Ukuhlolwa kokushaqeka okushisayo kuqinisekisa ikakhulukazi izimo zokusetshenziswa nokugcinwa kwamasampuli ngaphansi kwezinguquko ezisheshayo ezimeni ezisezingeni eliphezulu neziphansi. Kuyisivivinyo sokuhlola kanye nokuhlolwa kokugunyazwa kokuphothulwa komklamo wemishini. Isivivinyo esibalulekile esivivinyweni esivamile esigabeni sokukhiqiza, kwezinye izimo singase futhi sisetshenziselwe ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kwemvelo, okungukuthi ukuhlolwa komthelela wezinga lokushisa eliphezulu eliphezulu neliphansi, okuveza isampula yokuhlola endaweni eqhubekayo eshintshanayo yokushisa okuphezulu nokuphansi. izinga lokushisa ukukwenza ngesikhathi esifushane. Ukuthola izinguquko ezisheshayo zokushisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuhlola ukuguquguquka kwemikhiqizo ekushintsheni okusheshayo kwezinga lokushisa elizungezile kuwuhlolo olubalulekile ekuhlolweni kokuhlolwa kokuphothulwa komklamo wemishini kanye nokuhlolwa okujwayelekile esigabeni sokukhiqiza inqwaba. Kwezinye izimo, ingasetshenziswa futhi ekucindezelekeni kwemvelo. Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola. Kungashiwo ukuthi imvamisa yokusetshenziswa kwegumbi lokuhlola ukushaqeka okushisayo ekuqinisekiseni nasekuthuthukiseni ukuguquguquka kwemvelo kwemishini ingeyesibili kuphela ekudlidlizeni kanye nokuhlolwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu neliphansi.