Izindaba

Igumbi lokuhlola ukuguga kwesimo sezulu le-UV lingolunye uhlobo lwemishini yokuhlola yokuthwebula isithombe elingisa ukukhanya kwelanga. Ingaphinda ikhiqize umonakalo odalwe yimvula namazolo. Okokusebenza kuhlolwe ngokudalula okokusebenza okuzohlolwa kumjikelezo osebenzisanayo olawulwayo wokukhanya kwelanga nomswakama kanye nokwandisa izinga lokushisa. Izinto zokusebenza zisebenzisa amalambu e-ultraviolet fluorescent ukuze zilingise ilanga, futhi zingaphinda zilingise umphumela womswakama ngokufingqa noma ngokufutha.

Kuthatha izinsuku ezimbalwa kuphela noma amaviki ukuthi idivayisi iphinde ikhiqize umonakalo othatha izinyanga noma iminyaka ukuthi ube ngaphandle. Umonakalo ikakhulukazi uhlanganisa ukushintsha kombala, ukuguquguquka kombala, ukuncipha kokukhanya, ukugoqa, ukuqhekeka, ukufiphala, i-embrittlement, ukuncipha kwamandla, kanye ne-oxidation. Idatha yokuhlola ehlinzekwa okokusebenza ingaba usizo ekukhetheni izinto ezintsha, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezikhona, noma ukuhlaziya izinguquko zokuqamba ezithinta ukuqina kwemikhiqizo. Izinto zokusebenza zingabikezela izinguquko umkhiqizo ozohlangabezana nazo ngaphandle.

Nakuba i-UV ibala kuphela u-5% wokukhanya kwelanga, iyisici esiyinhloko esibangela ukuqina kwemikhiqizo yangaphandle kwehle. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukusabela kwe-photochemical kokukhanya kwelanga kuyanda ngokuncipha kwe-wavelength. Ngakho-ke, lapho ulingisa umonakalo wokukhanya kwelanga ezintweni ezibonakalayo zezinto ezibonakalayo, akudingekile ukukhiqiza kabusha yonke i-spectrum yokukhanya kwelanga. Ezimweni eziningi, udinga kuphela ukulingisa ukukhanya kwe-UV kwegagasi elifushane. Isizathu esenza isibani se-UV sisetshenziswe kusihloli sezulu esisheshisa i-UV ukuthi azinzile kunamanye amashubhu futhi angakhiqiza kabusha imiphumela yokuhlolwa kangcono. Kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokulingisa umphumela wokukhanya kwelanga ezintweni ezibonakalayo ngokusebenzisa amalambu e-UV e-fluorescent, njengokwehla kokukhanya, ukuqhekeka, ukuxebuka, nokunye. Kukhona izibani eziningana ezahlukene ze-UV ezitholakalayo. Iningi lalezi zibani ze-UV zikhiqiza ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, okungabonakali kanye nokukhanya kwe-infrared. Umehluko omkhulu wezibani ubonakala emehlukweni wengqikithi yamandla e-UV akhiqizwa ebangeni lawo lamaza ahlukene. Izibani ezihlukene zizoveza imiphumela yokuhlolwa ehlukene. Indawo yangempela yesicelo sokuchayeka ingazisa ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwesibani se-UV okufanele sikhethwe.

I-UVA-340, inketho engcono kakhulu yokulingisa imisebe ye-ultraviolet yelanga

I-UVA-340 ingakwazi ukulingisa i-spectrum yelanga kububanzi obubalulekile be-wave wave wave, okungukuthi, i-spectrum enobubanzi be-wavelength obungu-295-360nm. I-UVA-340 ingakhiqiza kuphela i-spectrum ye-UV wavelength engatholakala ekukhanyeni kwelanga.

I-UVB-313 yokuhlolwa kokusheshisa okuphezulu

I-UVB-313 inganikeza imiphumela yokuhlolwa ngokushesha. Basebenzisa ama-UV amaza amaza amafushane anamandla kunalawo atholakala emhlabeni namuhla. Nakuba lezi zibani ze-UV ezinesikhathi eside kakhulu kunamagagasi emvelo zingasheshisa ukuhlolwa ngezinga elikhulu kakhulu, zizophinde zibangele umonakalo ongaguquki nowoqobo wokuwohloka kwezinye izinto.

Izinga lichaza isibani se-fluorescent ultraviolet esikhipha ngaphansi kuka-300nm ngaphansi kuka-2% wawo wonke amandla okukhanya okukhiphayo, ngokuvamile okubizwa ngokuthi ilambu le-UV-A; isibani se-fluorescent ultraviolet esinamandla akhishwayo angaphansi kuka-300nm sikhulu kuno-10% wawo wonke amandla okukhanya okukhiphayo, ngokuvamile okubizwa ngokuthi ilambu le-UV-B;

Ububanzi be-wavelength be-UV-A bungu-315-400nm, kanti i-UV-B ingu-280-315nm;

Isikhathi sezinto ezivezwe kumswakama ngaphandle singafinyelela amahora ayi-12 ngosuku. Imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu kuswakama kwangaphandle amazolo, hhayi imvula. Isihloli sokumelana nesimo sezulu esisheshisiwe se-UV silingisa umphumela womswakama ngaphandle ngochungechunge lwezimiso ezihlukile zokufingqa. Emjikelezweni wokujiya wezinto zokusebenza, kunethangi lokugcina amanzi ngaphansi kwebhokisi futhi lishise ukuze likhiphe umhwamuko wamanzi. Isitimu esishisayo sigcina umswakama ohlobene ekamelweni lokuhlola kumaphesenti angu-100 futhi ugcina izinga lokushisa eliphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa. Umkhiqizo uklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isifanekiso sokuhlola empeleni sakha udonga oluseceleni lwegumbi lokuhlola ukuze ingemuva lesiqephu sokuhlola livezwe emoyeni ongaphakathi endlini. Umthelela wokupholisa womoya wasendlini ubangela izinga lokushisa elingaphezulu lesiqephu sokuhlola lehle liye ezingeni eliphansi ngamadigri ambalwa kunezinga lokushisa lesitimu. Ukubonakala kwalo mehluko wezinga lokushisa kuholela emanzini awuketshezi akhiqizwa ukufingqa ebusweni besampula phakathi nawo wonke umjikelezo wokufiphala. Le condensate ingamanzi acwengekile azinzile kakhulu. Amanzi ahlanzekile athuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kabusha kokuhlolwa futhi agweme inkinga yamabala amanzi.